Different Work Packages (WPs) are closely interconnected. WP1 provides all structures used for WP2,3,4,6. These WPs provide a feedback to optimize the structure in WP1. WP5 strongly supports WP1 to optimize the injector’s structure and for WP2,3,4,6 to understand the experimental results. All the parameters extracted from WP2,3 will in turn give feedback to the theoretical studies in WP5. Dynamical Pc-modulation control in WP2 will be compared to WP3 for Pc-oscillation modulation in highly-birefringent spin-V(E)CSELs. All the parameters obtained in WP2,3 will help to design experiments and improve control of Pc-dynamics following AOS in WP4 and the packaging of spin-VCSEL in WP6. The investigators in WP3,6 will closely collaborate with WP4 on the ultrafast Pc modulation linked to different M-switching mechanisms.
material engineering
Fabricating spin-V(E)CSELs device for all following optoelectronics characterizations.
The laser stack will be grown by MOCVD and patterned into micropillar cavity structures using UV lithography. Spin–orbit torque injectors will be integrated onto the micropillars. Device structures will be defined for electrical control, enabling magnetization switching and characterization through spin Hall effect.
ELECTRICAL POLARIZATION CONTROL
Investigating the steady-state polarization modulation in spin-V(E)CSELs.
We will demonstrate electrical pumping of spin-V(E)CSELs and confirm spin injection via polarization-resolved electroluminescence. Polarization control will be achieved and characterized, including modulation performance and noise behavior. Alternative optical spin pumping approaches will be explored if needed. Final validation will establish room-temperature operation and assess efficiency and bandwidth of polarization modulation.
ULTRAFAST POLARIZATION CONTROL
Demonstrating ultrafast polarization oscillation and modulation in birefringent spin-V(E)CSELs.
We will investigate spin and polarization dynamics in spin-lasers. Key parameters will be analyzed and compared with models in WP5. Dynamic regimes and polarization behavior will be studied to optimize performance. Strategies to enhance modulation speed and bandwidth will be explored, including electrical control of spin injection for efficient polarization modulation.
ULTIMATE POLARIZATION SWITCHING
Demonstrating Pc switching dynamics by ultrafast AOS of injector magnetization.
We will demonstrate ultrafast polarization switching using optical control of magnetization and investigate its fundamental limits beyond electrical approaches. The switching dynamics will be studied across different timescales (from ns to ps) to evaluate performance. These results will establish the potential for high-speed polarization control in spin-laser devices.
theoretical simulation
Theoretical modeling of experiments on spin Hall effect and spin-V(E)CSEL.
We will design optimized multilayer structures to enhance the spin-orbit torque in the spin injector via the spin-Hall effect. In addition, we will develop and generalize models to describe spin and polarization dynamics in spin-lasers, accounting for different material and device effects. These models will guide the design of optimized spin injectors and laser architectures, enabling improved performance, reduced lasing thresholds, and enhanced polarization modulation for ultrafast operation.
proof-of-concept
Demonstrating the PoC of spin-VCSELs for data transmission application.
Bit transmission using electrically pumped birefringent spin-VCSELs with polarization encoding will be demonstrated as a proof of concept. Free-space data transmission will be shown with the bare device, and a specially packaged spin-VCSEL will be developed for high-speed polarization modulation in data transmission.
management of project
Ensure the smooth scientific realization of the project, optimizing the organization and timing of activities and resources, so that contractual requirements and strategic project goals are fully achieved.
This WP ensures the effective management of the project, coordinating scientific, administrative, and financial activities to meet objectives on time and within budget. It facilitates communication among partners and with the EC, organizes meetings, monitors progress, and addresses risks to ensure smooth implementation and achievement of strategic project goals.
COMMUNICATION, dissemination and exploitation
Maximizing the scientific, technical, economical, and societal impacts of the results.
This WP maximizes the impact of the project by promoting results to the public, research community, and stakeholders. It implements dissemination, communication, and exploitation activities, including outreach, publications, and demonstrations, while managing data and providing guidance to support adoption and future development of spin-V(E)CSEL technologies.